association between serum vitamin d level and glycemic and inflammatory markers in non-obese patients with type 2 diabetes

background: low serum 25-hydroxy vitamin d (25(oh)d) has been shown to correlate with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2dm). the objective of this study was to investigate the association between serum 25(oh)d and glycemic and inflammatory markers in non-obese patients with t2dm. methods: eighty-four non-obese patients with t2dm were recruited in this cross-sectional study. demographic, anthropometric, and dietary information was obtained from all the participants. the serum concentrations of glucose, hba1c, insulin, 25(oh)d, and inflammatory markers including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-α) and high sensitive c-reactive protein (hs-crp) were measured. a homeostatic model of insulin resistance (homa-ir) was also evaluated. results: the mean serum concentration of 25(oh)d was 11.01±5.55 ng/ml. severe deficiency, deficiency, and insufficiency of vitamin d were detected in 60.71%, 35.72%, and 3.57% of the participants, respectively. the results showed that those in the lowest group of serum 25(oh)d had significantly higher tnf-α than did those in the highest group (p=0.026). although the association between serum 25(oh)d and fasting blood sugar and tnf-α was statistically significant (p=0.049 and p=0.044, respectively), the other glycemic markers and hs-crp did not have any significant relationships with 25(oh)d. conclusion: according to the high prevalence of vitamin d deficiency in the diabetic patients and the inverse relationship between serum 25(oh)d and fasting blood sugar and tnf-α in this study, vitamin d status may be a determining factor of systemic inflammation in patients with t2dm. further studies with larger sample sizes are suggested in this regard.